Results
| PMID | 25140393 |
| Gene Name | TIA1 |
| Condition | Endometriosis |
| Association |
Associated |
| Population size | 47 |
| Population details | 47 (30 women without endometriosis, 17 women with endometriosis) |
| Sex | Female |
| Associated genes | TNF-?, IL-6, TIA-1 |
|
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Dec;99(12):E2610-9. doi: 10.1210/jc.2013-3488. Karalok, Hakan Mete| Aydin, Ebru| Saglam, Ozlen| Torun, Aysenur| Guzeloglu-Kayisli, Ozlem| Lalioti, Maria D| Kristiansson, Helena| Duke, Cindy M P| Choe, Gina| Flannery, Clare| Kallen, Caleb B| Seli, Emre Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (H.M.K., E.A., A.T., O.G.-K., M.D.L., H.K., C.M.P.D., G.C., C.F., E.S.) and Department of Pathology (O.S.), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8063; and Department of Obs BACKGROUND: Cytokines and growth factors play important roles in endometrial function and the pathogenesis of endometriosis. mRNAs encoding cytokines and growth factors undergo rapid turnover; primarily mediated by adenosine- and uridine-rich elements (AREs) located in their 3'-untranslated regions. T-cell intracellular antigen (TIA-1), an mRNA-binding protein, binds to AREs in target transcripts, leading to decreased gene expression. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article was to determine whether TIA-1 plays a role in the regulation of endometrial cytokine and growth factor expression during the normal menstrual cycle and whether TIA-1 expression is altered in women with endometriosis. METHODS: Eutopic endometrial tissue obtained from women without endometriosis (n = 30) and eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues from women with endometriosis (n = 17) were immunostained for TIA-1. Staining intensities were evaluated by histological scores (HSCOREs). The regulation of endometrial TIA-1 expression by immune factors and steroid hormones was studied by treating primary cultured human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) with vehicle, lipopolysaccharide, TNF-alpha, IL-6, estradiol, or progesterone, followed by protein blot analyses. HESCs were engineered to over- or underexpress TIA-1 to test whether TIA-1 regulates IL-6 or TNF-alpha expression in these cells. RESULTS: We found that TIA-1 is expressed in endometrial stromal and glandular cells throughout the menstrual cycle and that this expression is significantly higher in the perimenstrual phase. In women with endometriosis, TIA-1 expression in eutopic and ectopic endometrium was reduced compared with TIA-1 expression in eutopic endometrium of unaffected control women. Lipopolysaccharide and TNF-alpha increased TIA-1 expression in HESCs in vitro, whereas IL-6 or steroid hormones had no effect. In HESCs, down-regulation of TIA-1 resulted in elevated IL-6 and TNF-alpha expression, whereas TIA-1 overexpression resulted in decreased IL-6 and TNF-alpha expression. CONCLUSIONS: Endometrial TIA-1 is regulated throughout the menstrual cycle, TIA-1 modulates the expression of immune factors in endometrial cells, and downregulation of TIA-1 may contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Mesh Terms: Adult| Cell Separation| Cells, Cultured| Cytokines/*biosynthesis| Down-Regulation| Endometriosis/metabolism| Endometrium/cytology/drug effects/*metabolism| Estrogens/pharmacology| Female| Gene Expression/drug effects/physiology| Genetic Vectors| |
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